47 research outputs found
Age-dependent alterations of monocyte subsets and monocyte-related chemokine pathways in healthy adults
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Recent experimental approaches have unraveled essential migratory and functional differences of monocyte subpopulations in mice. In order to possibly translate these findings into human physiology and pathophysiology, human monocyte subsets need to be carefully revisited in health and disease. In analogy to murine studies, we hypothesized that human monocyte subsets dynamically change during ageing, potentially influencing their functionality and contributing to immunosenescence.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Circulating monocyte subsets, surface marker and chemokine receptor expression were analyzed in 181 healthy volunteers (median age 42, range 18-88). Unlike the unaffected total leukocyte or total monocyte counts, non-classical CD14<sup>+</sup>CD16<sup>+ </sup>monocytes significantly increased with age, but displayed reduced HLA-DR and CX<sub>3</sub>CR1 surface expression in the elderly. Classical CD14<sup>++</sup>CD16<sup>- </sup>monocyte counts did not vary dependent on age. Serum MCP-1 (CCL2), but not MIP1Ξ± (CCL3), MIP1Ξ² (CCL4) or fractalkine (CX<sub>3</sub>CL1) concentrations increased with age. Monocyte-derived macrophages from old or young individuals did not differ with respect to cytokine release <it>in vitro </it>at steady state or upon LPS stimulation.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our study demonstrates dynamic changes of circulating monocytes during ageing in humans. The expansion of the non-classical CD14<sup>+</sup>CD16<sup>+ </sup>subtype, alterations of surface protein and chemokine receptor expression as well as circulating monocyte-related chemokines possibly contribute to the preserved functionality of the monocyte pool throughout adulthood.</p
ΠΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ-Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅ΠΎΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π³. Π£Π»Π°Π½-Π£Π΄Ρ ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅Π² ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ
Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ: ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ-Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅ΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π³. Π£Π»Π°Π½-Π£Π΄Ρ ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅Π² ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π² Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡ
Π΅ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅ΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ Π±Π°Π»ΡΠ·Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ (Populus Balsamifera L.) ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅Π² ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π³. Π£Π»Π°Π½-Π£Π΄Ρ. ΠΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Ρ Π² Π°Π²Π³ΡΡΡΠ΅ 2014 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ 2*2 ΠΊΠΌ. Π ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ 2016-2017 Π³. ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄ΡΠ½ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΈ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎ-Π°Π±ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±. Π 2020-2021 Π³. ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π° Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ²Ρ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π·ΠΎΠ»Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅Π².Purpose: to conduct an ecological and biogeochemical assessment of the state of the territory of Ulan-Ude based on the study of poplar leaves and to identify possible sources of dispersion of chemical elements in the atmospheric air using biogeochemical studies. Object of research: balsamic poplar leaves (Populus Balsamifera L.) Subject of research: chemical and mineral composition of poplar leaves on the territory of Ulan-Ude. The samples were taken in August 2014 using a uniform sampling network of 2*2 km. In the period 2016-2017, instrumental neutron activation and atomic absorption analysis was conducted. In 2020-2021, electron microscopic studies of the mineral composition of poplar foliage and X-ray phase analysis of leaf ash were conducted
Interleukin-8 Is Activated in Patients with Chronic Liver Diseases and Associated with Hepatic Macrophage Accumulation in Human Liver Fibrosis
BACKGROUND: Interleukin-8 (IL-8, CXCL8) is a potent chemoattractant for neutrophils and contributes to acute liver inflammation. Much less is known about IL-8 in chronic liver diseases (CLD), but elevated levels were reported from alcoholic and hepatitis C-related CLD. We investigated the regulation of IL-8, its receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2 and possible IL-8 responding cells in CLD patients. METHODOLOGY: Serum IL-8 levels were measured in CLD patients (nβ=β200) and healthy controls (nβ=β141). Intrahepatic IL-8, CXCR1 and CXCR2 gene expression was quantified from liver samples (nβ=β41), alongside immunohistochemical neutrophil (MPO) and macrophage (CD68) stainings. CXCR1 and CXCR2 expression was analyzed on purified monocytes from patients (nβ=β111) and controls (nβ=β31). In vitro analyses explored IL-8 secretion by different leukocyte subsets. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: IL-8 serum levels were significantly increased in CLD patients, especially in end-stage cirrhosis. Interestingly, patients with cholestatic diseases exhibited highest IL-8 serum concentrations. IL-8 correlated with liver function, inflammatory cytokines and non-invasive fibrosis markers. Intrahepatically, IL-8 and CXCR1 expression were strongly up-regulated. However, intrahepatic IL-8 could only be associated to neutrophil infiltration in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). In non-cholestatic cirrhosis, increased IL-8 and CXCR1 levels were associated with hepatic macrophage accumulation. In line, CXCR1, but not CXCR2 or CXCR3, expression was increased on circulating monocytes from cirrhotic patients. Moreover, monocyte-derived macrophages from CLD patients, especially the non-classical CD16βΊ subtype, displayed enhanced IL-8 secretion in vitro. CONCLUSIONS: IL-8 is strongly activated in CLD, thus likely contributing to hepatic inflammation. Our study suggests a novel role of IL-8 for recruitment and activation of hepatic macrophages via CXCR1 in human liver cirrhosis
Functional Contribution of Elevated Circulating and Hepatic Non-Classical CD14+CD16+ Monocytes to Inflammation and Human Liver Fibrosis
BACKGROUND: Monocyte-derived macrophages critically perpetuate inflammatory responses after liver injury as a prerequisite for organ fibrosis. Experimental murine models identified an essential role for the CCR2-dependent infiltration of classical Gr1/Ly6C(+) monocytes in hepatic fibrosis. Moreover, the monocyte-related chemokine receptors CCR1 and CCR5 were recently recognized as important fibrosis modulators in mice. In humans, monocytes consist of classical CD14(+)CD16(-) and non-classical CD14(+)CD16(+) cells. We aimed at investigating the relevance of monocyte subpopulations for human liver fibrosis, and hypothesized that 'non-classical' monocytes critically exert inflammatory as well as profibrogenic functions in patients during liver disease progression. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We analyzed circulating monocyte subsets from freshly drawn blood samples of 226 patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) and 184 healthy controls by FACS analysis. Circulating monocytes were significantly expanded in CLD-patients compared to controls with a marked increase of the non-classical CD14(+)CD16(+) subset that showed an activated phenotype in patients and correlated with proinflammatory cytokines and clinical progression. Correspondingly, CD14(+)CD16(+) macrophages massively accumulated in fibrotic/cirrhotic livers, as evidenced by immunofluorescence and FACS. Ligands of monocyte-related chemokine receptors CCR2, CCR1 and CCR5 were expressed at higher levels in fibrotic and cirrhotic livers, while CCL3 and CCL4 were also systemically elevated in CLD-patients. Isolated monocyte/macrophage subpopulations were functionally characterized regarding cytokine/chemokine expression and interactions with primary human hepatic stellate cells (HSC) in vitro. CD14(+)CD16(+) monocytes released abundant proinflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, CD14(+)CD16(+), but not CD14(+)CD16(-) monocytes could directly activate collagen-producing HSC. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our data demonstrate the expansion of CD14(+)CD16(+) monocytes in the circulation and liver of CLD-patients upon disease progression and suggest their functional contribution to the perpetuation of intrahepatic inflammation and profibrogenic HSC activation in liver cirrhosis. The modulation of monocyte-subset recruitment into the liver via chemokines/chemokine receptors and their subsequent differentiation may represent promising approaches for therapeutic interventions in human liver fibrosis